Just two sizes down from the giant OC192 circuit, the OC48 provides most large-size companies with all the stability and robustness they need for data transmission. OC48 lines run at 2.5 gigabits per second and have been around long enough that plenty of architecture exists for it. This type of circuit makes an excellent communications and data backbone for companies with thousands of phone lines and a need for voice and data cabling transmission in both directions. OC48 circuits are faster than all OCx circuits below this level and are even faster than a gig Ethernet system.
OCx circuits are optical carrier cables, basically like gigantic T1 lines. These fiber optic systems are the true backbone of the internet, and the ultimate speed of the web is limited by the fastest commonly-used OC cable - OC192, just two steps up from OC48. OC48 circuits are more than enough for most large businesses, hospitals and universities, even those spread across large campuses. With connection speeds that are lightning fast, OC48 lines can handle today's voice and data loads as well as ensure reliability and sturdiness no matter if there are thousands of sharing users. For your medium-to-large company, or even your smaller business that transfers very large files or real-time data, the OC48 interface is relatively inexpensive. An OC48 circuit can easily serve even regional ISPs in some areas, making it the ideal choice. The service contract with your OC48 carrier will include remote monitoring of your circuit at all times. These systems have a built-in redundancy for the occasions when there is some downtime, which isn't uncommon with a system this large. Long-distance education and remote medicine is a reality with the real-time transmission of video and music being feasible and reliable in an OC48 interface. An OC48 line is a very complicated line and will take several months for complete installation and testing for most organizations. If your business has an older voice and data cabling currently in place, you will most likely have to upgrade your existing WAN/LAN cabling, or just move to wireless systems. It's wise to wire for Ethernet if you are considering the installation of an OC48 as your networks backbone. Ethernet is quickly becoming the industry-standard for your OC trees.
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Do you own a large firm or a campus of building? If yes, then you must get structured cabling installed in the premises of your firm or buildings. Now, you might be thinking that what is it? It is arrangements of cables that help large firms and buildings to communicate across the campus or premises. There are pre-defined standards for this kind of cabling, and these might vary from a country to country. However, there is one thing which is consistent, which is that you can transmit voice, data cabling services from one area to the next if you when you have installed a good network cabling system in place.
Moreover, you are required to think about various things when you consider to get structured cabling done. First of all, look at the clients' your business caters to, and after that consider what kind of information you are going to transmit. These steps are followed by the evaluation of the area you are trying to cover. Without getting answers of these questions, it would not be an easy task to decide the perfect data networking solution that can meet your company's needs. Apart from all this, there is one more thing that needs to be considered in order to get the perfect network cabling in place, namely - whether you are an entrance facility or a facility with equipment rooms. An entrance facility interfaces with the world around it, and a facility with equipment rooms supports users of a particular building. There are telecom rooms also, and the equipment kept in these rooms connects the backbone and horizontal wiring systems. Backbone cabling system connects all kinds of facilities including telecom and equipment rooms along with the entrance facilities. However, horizontal cabling system connects telecom rooms to the outlets on various floors. And, once you are able to determine your needs, you would be well aware of the system that will suit your requirements. After getting aware of your needs, you must discuss all this with a reputable structured data cabling services to get the ideal cabling setup in place. There are various companies that offer best cabling services like recommending, manufacturing and installing structured cables to provide the best data networking solution. Moreover, it is always better to discuss with more than one firm in order to get the best advice and services in affordable prices. A stable and reliable cabling system is always a must in an enterprise network. This is in order to better address the problems when the company exceeds its current system or when there is an infrastructure failure. Aside from that, more and more technologies are popping out in the market nowadays, including those for voice, as well as video and even other IP network-based energy management systems. Hence, this calls for the need to have a consistent management of these infrastructures for these enterprises. Therefore, cabling network solution should be among the company's top priorities.
Why go for structured cabling solutions? The main purpose why an enterprise should invest on this is in order to have a more reliable network. It has to be reiterated that wiring is the physical or actual medium that connects the network of a business. If these wiring systems were not properly installed, then there is a high probability that some parts or even the entire system may not function at its best. If it is not functioning at its best, then the company is not enjoying its whole potential too. This could be translated to wasted money or opportunity losses. It is in this light that a stable and reliable data center cabling is always ideal to have a long term network solution for businesses. How cabling should be done? Cabling installation and maintenance is never an easy task. Given its importance, as shown above, customers should make sure that the service provider that they are going to hire can do the right thing for them. Otherwise, they might end up burning their money for nothing. In this light, industry standards are always essential to consider. The installers should be familiar with these standards and even local or state ordinances. More importantly, they should abide these rules too. Hiring only the experts and well- experienced is also very essential. Who are the trusted ones? Businesses should only hire those service providers than can really offer the best thing for them. For example, it would be better if the installer can Implement the cabling network solution using a wide variety of mediums that the customer can choose from. Of course, the installer's partnership with the most reputable industry leaders in cabling would matter too. It would be great if they are able to gain certification from the likes of Belden, Bekterk, Hoffman, as well as CommScope and a lot more. Computer cables can be data cables used to move data between various components such as keyboard, CPU, monitor, printer, scanner and other multimedia systems. These cables enable high-speed data transfers within the input and output components of the computer.
A computer uses different kinds of data cabling services to operate. It needs an AC power cable, a high-speed serial bus connector, an USB cable, a digital video cable, and a modem connector cable. A new PC comes packed with all these cables. These cables are also sold as a single commodity and are readily available in the market. All types of cables used in a computer have different purposes. The ac power cable is just an insulated conductor and gives power to the PC. The high-speed serial bus connector is a data cable used to transfer bits and bytes from the input devices to the output devices. USB cables are used to transfer data from other sources such as digital cameras, video recorders, mobile phones, mp3 devices etc. the digital video cable is used to transfer high resolution video contents from the computer to a TV. Modem connector cables are used to link the PC with Internet service providers for accessing the Web. Earlier computer cables had far less speed and connectivity. With improvements in technology, the quality of cables has improved. Still all these cables occupy a lot of space and need to be replaced when needed. Accessories such as cables are expensive and should be maintained properly. Computer data cabling services are an important component of any desktop PC. The boom in Internet technology has increased the demand for PCs and in turn, the demand for cables. However, an increasing number of people today have started using laptops and mobile phones to access the Internet. These devices need fewer cables. The popularity of these devices is growing, as they are more handy and manageable. For those of you enamored with the world of communications and cabling, the amount of career options at your fingertips can be a little bit staggering at times. However, within this myriad of options, some believe that once a path has been chosen, there is only one way to achieve the necessary training. For voice and data cabling technicians, at least, this couldn't be further from the truth.
At this time, there is no education requirement to become a network cabling technician. Although two year certifications are becoming more of the norm, some companies require nothing more than a willingness to learn and to work. There are some companies that will hire interested employees, give them in house training, and then send them out to work with provided equipment. However, in these cases, you are generally just installing cable or terminating voice and data jacks. The hope is that you will learn more sophisticated technology on the job over time. The most common way to break into the network cabling field is through a certification program from a college or vocational school. This will generally take anywhere from 1-4 semesters and will give you a basic understanding of telecommunications as well as hands on teaching with fiber-optics and copper-based networks. Most, but not all, programs require a high school diploma and students are expected to be in good enough shape to dig trenches and lift heavy cables. The program is not recommended to those who are claustrophobic or afraid of heights, as both these situations arise in the field. To acquire jobs a step above those with a network cabling certification, you must obtain an associate's degree in computer science or information technology. These programs are two year's in length and focus not only on hands on training, but on design and maintenance as well. You will learn how to repair damaged cables and how to terminate a line underground. You will also be able to design and build operational networking systems. To apply you must be a high school graduate. Above and beyond the associate's level, for those interested in managerial or administrative positions, there are bachelor's and master's degrees available in information technology. These are standard college programs and require all the standard university requirements. For all of these options, most of the popular schools only offer classes online. Which is great for time management and those who live far from a university. However, online learning can be difficult, so look to technical institutes for classroom-based programs. Once you have voice and data cabling received your training and education, the next step is simply to get a job. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics states that job options in the telecommunications field are expected to increase in the next two years. They also report the median salary for a network cabling technician to be around $51,000 a year. So if you'd like to be making some money and getting started on your career, decide on a training program, and get started. Basic explanation of DOCSIS
So you have a broadband connection at home/work and are wondering how it all works. Well I hope to explain to you how it works on a low-tech level so you will have a better understanding of how your connection works. Broadband services from cable companies or Multiple Service Operator's (MSO's) are normally provided via cable modems and 90% of the cable modems are using DOCSIS (Data over Cable Service Interface Specification). So let's now look at what DOCSIS is and what is means. DOCSIS defines interface requirements for cable modems involved in high-speed data distribution over cable television system networks (definition from cablelabs.com). With DOCSIS comes the different versions (1.0, 1.1, 2.0, & soon 3.0) and the limits for each version. We are not too worried with the versions and limits between the versions as consumers since we just want speed and security. But the important thing about DOCSIS is that it's a standard that protects the consumer and vendors by forcing interoperability and keep the cost of equipment down. If the modems where proprietary then the consumers would have to pay a very high price for the modem or would be force to lease them from the MSO's. Most MSO's will allow you to use just about any cable modem that is DOCSIS certified. Now not all MSO's will do this since they have to support all the modems on the plant with firmware upgrades and other issue with support but most of your well known modems should be supported. Now for the CMTS & Node Cable modems communicate with a device called a cable modem termination system (CMTS). The CMTS is a router that talks to all the cable modems and routes there traffic to the internet or the MOS's backbone. There are a few different vendors in the CMTS market but the most recognized is Cisco Systems. Cable modes are typically grouped into regional nodes. A node is most likely your subdivision but could but a smaller or lager area the MSO uses to support all you services. The node is a fiber to RF converter which allows the MOS to send services to you area via fiber up to the point of you local service area and them the services are sent over coax. The size of the node and number of modem customers in that node can make some difference in the speeds of you modem. With cable modems the node is you local access point and the more users the less bandwidth available for all. Most MSO's over subscribe data cabling service nodes but try to make sure there is always 50% available bandwidth at peak hours. What this means is that if you are in a heavily loaded node and everyone is downloading files you service can slow some. With how competitive the ISP business is most MSO's will try to not over subscribe nodes to much with out adding more nodes or splitting then. Security on the Network Other things to watch out for is the security of the node. Make sure other subscribers in your node are not able to see you computer and its traffic. This security issue is normally handled by encryption on the modems traffic to the CMTS. Most ISP's use BPI+ encryption to protect you traffic but you should always use a hardware firewall/router off of any broadband connection. To test the security of the node you can open your windows network places and look to see if any unknown shares are listed. If there is no encryption in the node and you're on the same subnet you might be able to see other user's network shares. This is bad if you have pictures or other sensitive data you do not want others to see. Other things to know are that most MSO's will block ports to your computer network. This is for both there business goals and your protection. MSO's typically block NetBIOS, SMTP, port 80, and a lot of other virus ports (business accounts may not have port filters). The port blocking is done mostly to protect the customers from viruses and worms that travel quickly over broadband connections. Signal Levels and Splitters Let's now look at the signal level needed to keep your cable modem online and surfing. Most cable modems have a signal range that they need to communicate to the CMTS. The signal levels can differ from vendor to vendor but as a rule of thumb most modems work well from RX -10dbv to +10dbv and TX 40dbv to 56dbv. A lot of modem vendors provide an informational webpage or diagnostic page you can connect too on the modem to see the messages from the modem and it's levels. The diagnostic page's IP is different from modem to modem but if you lookup your vendors modem specifications you will be able to see if you modem has this diagnostic page available. Other things to keep in mind is that your cable modem should be on its own coax line from the data cabling service box outside or from the main feed you get from the MSO. It's not a good idea to have your modem on a coax line with a lot of splitters due to each splitter has at least 3.5dbv or loss. And if you have to use a splitter make sure you read the throughput ratings on the splitter it should be at least 5-1000 MHz pass though. I hope this basic look at cable modems has helped you better understand how it al works and if you would like to find out more information about DOCSIS, CMTS's, or cable modems try to use Google. Structured cabling refers to building infrastructure with the use of standard materials that are called subsystems. There are usually five of these subsystems and they include a demarcation point, telecommunications rooms, vertical cabling, and horizontal cabling as well as work area components.
The demarcation point is a point in a cabling network solutions that marks the end of the telephone network company and establishes a connection with the premises of the company where the network is installed. This is the point that determines the person that is charged with the responsibility of installation as well as maintenance of the cables and other equipment. Note that this point may vary in different countries. The telecommunications rooms are used for the storage of equipment and they also act as wiring consolidation points which serve the users in the premises where the cabling system has been installed. As for the vertical cabling, it links the different equipment rooms that are usually found on different floors or situated in different places of the building. The horizontal wiring is used to connect telecommunications rooms to the independent outlets that are found on the floors of a building, conduits, or in some cases ceilings of the floor. The work area components link end user tools to outlets. There are standards that govern structured cabling design as well as its installation. These standards usually specify offices, wiring data centers as well as apartment buildings for voice or data communications with the use of a variety of structured cables such as fiber optic, category 5e, category 6 and other modular connectors. The cabling standards are very crucial in defining how the cabling will be laid depending on the topology in order to meet the specific needs of the customer. This is usually done using a patch panel which is the point where every modular connection can be utilized as needed. Every outlet in the network is then patched to the switch. In other cases the outlet may be patched into a private branch exchange telephone system patch panel. There are some lines into the network that act as data ports and they require straight through patch cables at their ends in order to establish a connection with workstations. As a way of identifying the kind of connection that is being used, the patch panel cables in some cases are color coded. This is not necessary in structured cabling standards except when doing a demarcation of a wall field. In general, cabling network solutions may be composed of techniques as well as systems that are used for routing, organizing and also managing optical fibers, wires and other cables. These solutions may be one or many chassis that are coupled to a frame in order to provide access to the signal connectors found on the chassis. They may also have labeling schemes that are used for identifying the patch connectors which keep up a correspondence with the outlets in a structured cabling installation. Always having those annoying technological problems with your phone system or internet? The majority of people experience problems with technology on a day to day basis. However, what most people don't know about is the data cabling services equipment and services available to help solve these problems, allowing the use of technology to be a far more enjoyable experience.
Do you remember the 1990s? Back when the Internet was new and exciting (or the sole retreat of spotty youths, depending on your viewpoint). Do you remember the first time you Googled something? Or bought something off Amazon? How exciting and novel it all seemed that all these sources of information and commerce just seemed to be out there somewhere. Those days have gone. They used to call the Internet the "Information Superhighway" back in the day; when really it was more of a slow lane clogged with message boards and Star Trek fans. As broadband has become increasingly prevelant, however, the speed has begun to pick up. Fibre Optic Cabling is one of the most recent and vast becoming popular, must have choice for internet users, due to its far faster connection speeds and carrying capacity rather than twisted pair conductors, DSL or coaxial cable. The fibre optic data cabling is a particular technology that uses glass threads to submit data. The cable allows high speeds and reduced data loss over greater distances, therefore improving your network cabling system. Fibre optic cables come in two different types to suit your internet needs, single mode and multi mode. A multi mode cable can transmit data up to lengths of 300m at 1000 mega bites per second and single mode cables can be used when even larger distances are needed! Half the problems come about due to ignorance; people don't know what type of cabling they should be buying when they set up their Internet connections. The average person is advised to install either a CAT5 or a CAT5e cable, as they provide up to 350m. However, for those who need higher speeds it would actually be more beneficial to opt for the CAT6 cable, with up to 550m or even the new CAT7 cable with up to 1000m. Setting up a phone line and maintaining a good quality line can often seem like a daunting task, particularly if you are setting up a business or moving offices. Choosing and setting up your line rental with a provider can also be a stumbling block. Most people will choose BT as they are the most recognised. However, did you know there are dozens of service providers all with offers, such as free installation, free call outs and often even cheaper rates? The types of phone systems businesses can choose from include the simple analogue/PSTN, a simple phone or fax line designed for receiving just one call at a time, ISDN2 - similar to the basic analogue line, only this can receive two calls as opposed to one. Alternatively there is the option of the ISDN30; often used for slightly larger businesses this system has a minimum of 8 channels and a maximum of 30. There are also a data cabling services wide range of handsets to choose from. For instance, the new Toshiba Strata CIX40 is perfect for smaller or start up companies, featuring a state of the art voice mail system, with 360 mailboxes and 40 hours worth of storage, allowing businesses to present a highly professional image towards their clients, no matter what their size. If you watch any television at all, you have undoubtedly seen hundreds of advertisements for "Business Class Cable"
These commercials take you into the offices of small business owners that are completely frustrated with the "Phone Company" and the high prices that they relentlessly voice and data cabling push upon their customers. Customer after customer holds up their current bill with a look of disgust and then begins to tell us how much faster and more affordable their new service is from the cable company. So here is my gripe. It is not what you may be thinking. I agree that the cable companies offer a great product mix for the home user or the small business. They can bundle telephone lines with the internet capability and the net result is a very nice voice and data solution. I use it at my home every day and it is a wonderful service. Notice I said my home? The problem with the Cable companies pitching their services to the business is not a feature or benefit problem, it's an availability problem. In a recent project for one of my customers, we set out to price cable voice and data services for approximately 45 locations. After 60 days of setting up site surveys and pre-qualifying these locations, we found that 4 of them could sign up for the service. The cable companies built out a fabulous residential network but they are still in the very early stages of building out their network to the business locations. The net result for my customer was a bunch of hype about converting to "Business Cable" only to waste over 60 days of everybody's time and delaying their project into the following quarter. They placed orders for DSL and the project finished up quickly thereafter. There is no doubt that the cable companies will continue to build out their network to accommodate the business customer. The big problem will be with the business that is just off of their voice and data cabling network build out and the cost of bring the services will be amortized over the term of their contract. The installation charge added to the monthly fee for the service will eliminate the savings that they promised. Just like in the children's book, the Emperor (Cable Companies) has no clothes! So my advice to the cable companies: take some of that advertising money and build a network that my customers can sign up for. A Structured Cabling system is a complete system of cables and associated hardware, which provides a comprehensive telecommunication infrastructure and provides a platform upon which an overall information system strategy is built. Structured is the foundation of any business, government or organizations' IT network including voice and data cabling , video or alarms, and defines how signals or data is transmitted through the network.
Structured Cables are generally carried out by contractors who specialize in this trade only. These contractors are referred to as Structured Cabling contractors. The methods of installing structured cabling systems are standardized. The standardization of these installations is necessary because of the need to ensure acceptable system performance from increasingly complex arrangements. Every structured cabling system is unique. This is due to variations in:
Benefits of availing structured cabling are:
Data and Voice: Data cabling is the networking of cables to be able to relay data from one point to another. Data cabling enables communication between different users and analyzing of data at a central point. Cat5E, Cat6, Cat6a cabling are used to install data cablings which are tested to current industry standards. Voice cabling is the wiring of a building which enables basic telecommunications systems including land-based phone lines, modems, or analog lines. This wiring is essential for telephone cabling as well as for other network applications that allow for spoken communication or other voice services over long distances. Proper installation and telecommunications compliance is considered of the utmost importance in setting up new voice cabling. Fiber optic: Fiber optic cables nowadays bring a lot of advantages for many consumers as well as business applications. A fiber optic cable consists of a bundle of glass threads, each of which is capable of transmitting messages modulated onto light waves. They are less susceptible, thinner and lighter, have much greater bandwidth than metal cables. Audio visual: Home theaters, board rooms and multi-media displays require the highest quality voice and data cabling capabilities with multiple connections. Installing video or audio cables is a great way to extend your home entertainment system. Usage of structured cabling allows all users to share information quickly & efficiently. Professional cabling installation companies provide a higher level of service and efficiency that simply cannot be matched by in-house personnel or untrained professionals. |
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